Theses et Memoires de l'universite d'Antananarivo

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This genetic study was realized from the samples of Eulemur collaris collected from the South-Eastern part of Madagascar including two National parks: P.N. of Andohahela (study site Manangotry, Fort- Dauphin) and P.N. of Midongy du Sud (Biarena Sagnira and Ampasy), and the Special Reserve of Kalambatritra (Betanandrano, Befarara, and Sahalava). The goal of this study is to establish the genetic directive bases and to assume the conservation’s situation of the Eulemur collaris population. Fifteen polymorphic markers were selected to realize Genotyping by the molecular technology application and the Polymerase Chain Reaction (P.C.R.). Statistical tests were used for the data analyses as known the GENEPOP3.1, STRUCTURE2.0, BOTTLENECK v.1.2.02. These tests announce as well to the negative effect of the intensive hunting and the presence of the geographic barriers like the rivers and the forest elimination by practicing the Tavy and the deforestation. All populations within those protected areas show as less gene flow proved by the low allelic richness (between 2.9 and 3.3), the small number migrants per generation; the health status is not good (moderate gene diversity); and the inbreeding coefficient is so high across all population but at different degree. This coefficient is higher at the Andohahela population (Fis=+0,111) (GENEPOP test). All populations within these protected areas were completely isolated (STRUCTURE test). The two populations coming from two sites (Biarena and Ampasy) within the National Park of Midongy du Sud were also isolated; even these two sites were recently separated by deforestation. Lastly, they show low rates of heterozygote excess (BOTTLENECK test), mainly to Andohahela population (He=0,02396), Betanandrano population (He=0.03925) and Ampasy population (0.03186) in which those populations were bottlenecked.

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